Data compression is the process of converting information in order to reduce its volume. Compression is necessary to optimize the use of hardware resources.
The main principle of the compression process is the elimination of redundancy characteristic of the primary form of data. As an example, we can consider the case when the same word is repeated several times in the text. The repeated word can be replaced by a reference to an encoded data block of small size. Any other data is compressed according to similar principles.
The compression process allows you to restore the original form of a document or file at any time, because the volume of information is not reduced despite the fact that less space is used on the physical medium.
It is important to understand that the compression process will not have the desired effect when trying to compress such types of data as, for example, short signals or a sequence of characters that repeat rarely or not at all.