Vulnerability analysis is a systematic process of classification and assessment of weak points in information systems, software and network infrastructure. Weak points are understood as structural features of infrastructure or software that can be used by attackers for unauthorized access.
The main goal of vulnerability analysis is proactive detection of impact points before they are exploited by cybercriminals. The process helps understand the current level of protection, determine priorities for eliminating serious vulnerabilities and develop an information security protection algorithm.
Methodology of Conducting
Analysis begins with inventorying all information systems, including servers, workstations, network equipment and software components. Then verification is conducted using special tools that check minor vulnerabilities, incorrect configurations and weak points in the security system.
Identified vulnerabilities are classified according to various criteria: technical defects in application codes, system configuration errors, weak passwords, absence of security updates, incorrect access conditions and architectural shortcomings in design systems.
Vulnerabilities are most often searched for using scanners such as Nessus, OpenVAS, Qualys. Scanners compare system configurations with databases of known threats. Additionally, static and dynamic code analysis tools, network traffic systems and specialized platforms for in-depth study are applied.
Working with Results
After identifying vulnerabilities, their criticality level is determined considering possible impacts and exploitation possibilities. A violation elimination plan is formed observing priorities, responsible persons and execution deadlines. Regular repetition of analysis ensures continuous control over the security state.
Vulnerability analysis represents a fundamental element of a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy, allowing organizations to maintain a high level of protection under conditions of constantly evolving threats.